Jiangsu Haifa Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

In petrochemical, coal chemical, fine chemical, nitric acid units, molten salt energy storage, and high-temperature asphalt conveying projects, we often encounter a class of difficult-to-handle media: high temperature, strong corrosiveness, high volatility, and some are flammable, explosive, toxic, harmful, or valuable media. If traditional mechanical seal pumps continue to be used under such working conditions, problems such as coking on the mechanical seal, complex flushing and cooling systems, seal leakage, seal failure, and frequent maintenance are prone to occur on site. Especially in scenarios involving media such as high-temperature nitric acid, high-temperature acid, molten salt, high-temperature asphalt, coking high-temperature circulating oil, and molten urea, what truly care about is not the price of a single pump, but whether the equipment can stably for a long time, reduce leakage, and decrease the frequency of shutdowns for maintenance. The 450°C ultra-high temperature magnetic drive pump developed by Jiang Haifa Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd is a leak-free magnetic drive pump specifically for conveying such high-temperature, high-hazard media. When selecting this type of pump, we not only look at flow rate and head, but also comprehensively consider medium temperature, vaporization pressure, corrosiveness, viscosity, particle content, cooling method, magnetic torque transmission, sliding bearing lubrication conditions, and-site explosion-proof requirements1. Why can't ordinary magnetic drive pumps be simply selected for high-temperature conditions?  
Many users believe that since magnetic drive pumps have no mechanical seal, they should be naturally suitable for high, toxic, and hazardous. This understanding has some merit, but it cannot be applied simplistically.  
Ordinary magnetic drive pumps above 200°C to 300° are susceptible to issues such as magnet demagnetization, temperature rise in the containment shell, poor lubrication of sliding bearings, and media vaporization. Simply thickening the pump casing of an ordinary magnetic drive pump or replacing materials with high-temperature resistant ones cannot truly solve the long-term operational problems under 450°C high-temperature conditions. Based on our experience, the design of a 450°C ultra temperature magnetic drive pump must at least focus on solving the following key issues: First, control the conduction of high temperature to the magnetic assembly to reduce the risk of magnetagnetization; Second, the temperature rise in containment shell area to avoid local internal overheating; Third, reliable lubrication and cooling of the sliding bearing in the high-temperature medium; Fourth reduce the risk of external leakage caused by traditional mechanical seals to improve device safety.  
Therefore, the 450°C ultra-high temperature magnetic drive pump is not a simple upgrade of ordinary magnetic drive pump but a specially redesigned chemical pump for high-temperature, high-corrosion, and high-safety requirements.

1. Main Technical Parameters of the 450°C Ultraigh Temperature Magnetic Drive Pump

The 450°C ultra-high magnetic drive pump can be selected based on the user's actual working conditions. Common parameter ranges are as follows:

| Parameter Item | Technical Indicator |
|---|---|
| Product Name | 450°C Ultra-High Temperature Magnetic Drive Pump / High-Temperature Magnetic Drive Pump / High-Temperature Leak Magnetic Drive Pump |
| Pump Type Structure | Horizontal Centrifugal, Magnetic Coupling Drive, No Mechanical Seal |
| Drive Mode | Magnetic Coupling Non-Contact Transmission |
| Medium Temperature | Can be designed for up to 450°C high-temperature conditions |
| Flow Range | 0.5 ~ 260 m³/h, customizable according to project conditions |
| Head Range | 10 ~ 320 m, can be verified according to actual conditions |
| Design Pressure 1.6 MPa ~ 10 MPa, customizable according to conditions| Applicable Media | High-temperature nitric acid, high-temperature acid, molten salt, high-temperature asphalt, coking circulating oil, urea, high-temperature solvents, valuable media, etc. |
| Wetted Parts Material | 316L, 347, 904L, Duplex Stainless Steel, C-22, C-276, Titanium, etc., selectable according to the medium |
| Bearings and Friction Pairs | Options include Silicon Carbide, Graphite, Cemented Carbide, and other high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials |
| Cooling Method | Medium self-circulation cooling, jacket cooling, cavity split-flow cooling, external cooling, etc. |
| Reference Standards | Can refer to API685, ISO 15783, GB/T 5656, and other relevant standards for magnetic drive pumps and chemical pumps| Explosion-proof Configuration | Can be equipped with explosion motors; protection level and explosion-proof grade confirmed according to site area requirements |
| Control Mode | Power frequency, variable frequency, DCS interlock, temperature monitoring, vibration monitoring, low flow protection, dry run protection |
| Export Support | Can provide EAC Customs Union certification documents, Russian drawings, Russian manuals, export packaging materials, and spare parts lists |

The above parameters cannot be directly applied without considering the actual working conditions. selecting a high-temperature magnetic drive pump, it is necessary to simultaneously calculate the NPSH available, medium vaporization pressure, containment shell temperature rise, magnetic torque transmission, sliding bearing lubrication conditions, and continuous flow.

3 Structural Design Features of the 450°C Ultra-High Temperature Magnetic Drive Pump  
3.1. Magnetic Coupling Drive, Eliminating Traditional Mechanical SealThe 450°C-high temperature magnetic drive pump transmits torque through inner and outer magnetic rotors. The pump chamber is separated from the external drive part by a containment shell, eliminating the traditional mechanical seal. This reduces shaft seal leakage points, making it suitable for conveying high-temperature, toxic, harmful, highly corrosive, volatile, and environmentally sensitive media. For conditions involving high-temperature nitric acid, high-temperature solvents, and media, reducing shaft seal leakage is not only a maintenance issue but also a safety and environmental protection issue.

3.2. High-Temperature Thermal Barrier Structure  
A thermal insulation structure is set between the high-temperature zone of the pump body and the magnetic drive zone to reduce the conduction of high temperature to the magnets, motor, and bearing area. For high-temperature conditions around °C, the thermal insulation structure is not an optional add-on but a key structure affecting the long-term stable operation of the magnetic drive pump.

3.3. Cooling Diversion and Temperature Control Design  
Depending on the different medium conditions, combined solutions of medium self-circulation cooling, jacket cooling, cavity split-flow cooling, or external cooling can be adopted. For easily vaporizable media, we focus on calculating the pressure inside the pump chamber, rise, and vaporization risk to prevent the sliding bearing from losing lubrication.

3.4. High-Temperature Slidingearing System  
The internal sliding bearings of a magnetic drive pump rely on the medium for lubrication and cooling. media such as high-temperature nitric acid, salt, high-temperature asphalt, and urea, the bearing material, friction pair material, lubrication channels, and minimum continuous flow all need to be calculated individually. For high-temperature magnetic drive pumps, we can select high-temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant materials like Silicon Carbide based on the working conditions to improve the reliability of the sliding bearing system.

3.5. Widened Flow Channels and Anti-Clogging Structure  
High-temperature asphalt, coking circulating oil, salt, and some crystallizing media are prone to increased viscosity, crystallization, deposition, or local blockage during temperature changes. For such media, we optimize the impeller, pump chamber, and internal circulation channels to reduce dead zones and the risk of local overheating.

1. Material Selection for High-Temperature Corrosive MediaMaterial selection for high-temperature corrosive media cannot be judged solely by the medium name. For example, with nitric acid, different concentrations, temperatures, presence or absence of chloride ions, and impurities can lead to completely different material choices. When selecting materials, we generally make a comprehensive judgment based corrosion data, user working condition tables, and on-site operational experience.

| Material Direction | Applicable Condition Reference | |---|---| | 316L Stainless Steel | Weak corrosive media, high-temperature water, some low-concentration acid and alkali media | | 347 Heat-Resistant Stainless Steel | High-temperature heavy oil, high-temperature asphalt, coking circulating oil, etc. | | 904L, Duplex Stainless Steel | Some highly corrosive or chlorine-containing media, needs verification with temperature and concentration | C-22, C-276 Hastelloy | Complex acidic media, highly corrosive media, chloride ion conditions, needs confirmation based on the medium | | Titanium | Some strong oxidizing media, needs confirmation based on temperature, concentration, and impurities | | Ultra-Low Carbon Stainless Steel | Molten urea, amino-based high-temperature media, reduce the risk of intergran corrosion | | Silicon Carbide | Suitable for bearings and friction pairs requiring wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and-temperature self-lubrication |

A special note here: High-temperature nitric acid pumps do not necessarily have to use Hastelloy C-276. Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing medium. Material selection depends on concentration, temperature, impurities, and chloride ion content. In actual projects, we confirming the material based on corrosion manuals, material tests, and the user's historical operating experience.

5.able Industries for the 450°C Ultraigh Temperature Magnetic Drive Pump

| Application Industry | Typical Media |
|---|---|
| Petroleum Refining | High-temperature coking oil, heavy oil, asphalt, heat transfer oil circulation media |
| Nitric Acid Chemical Industry | High-temperature nitric acid, strong oxidizing acidic media |
| Fine Chemical Industry | High-temperature solvents, valuable media, toxic and hazardous media |
| Solar Thermal Energy Storage | Molten salt, heat transfer salt, high-temperature heat transfer media |
| Urea Chemical Industry Molten urea, amino-based high-temperature media |
| Coal Chemical Industry | High-temperature corrosive liquids, coking circulation media |
Overseas Refining Projects | construction and revamp projects in Russia, Central Asia refineries |

1. Matching Selection with API610 Chemical Process Pumps

The 450°C ultra-high temperature magnetic drive pump mainly solves the problem of conveying high-temperature, high-hazard media with high leak-free requirements. However in petrochemical, coal chemical, and refining units, not all positions are suitable for magnetic drive pumps.   For high-temperature, high, large-flow, high-head, and critical continuous operation positions, API610 chemical process pumps remain the main pump type. Jiangsu Haifa can provide API610 OH1/OH2/OH, BB1, BB2, BB3 BB4, BB5 VS series chemical process pumps, as well as supporting solutions such as high-temperature magnetic pumps, molten salt pumps, molten urea pumps, vertical sump pumps, self-priming pumps, and canned motor pumps, according to different unit conditions.   The of this overall selection approach is that different positions choose pump types based on their actual conditions, avoiding the blind use of one pump type for the entire unit. This leads to more stable later-stage operation and clearer maintenance and spare parts management.

1. API610 BB1 Double Suction Pump Technical ParametersThe API610 BB1 double suction pump is a horizontal, axially split, single or two-stage between-bearings centrifugal pump. It is suitable for conveying conditions requiring relatively large flow rates and low to medium heads. It can be used for crude oil transportation, water supply, water treatment, petrochemicals, power stations, seawater desalination, etc.

| Parameter | Technical Indicator | |---|---| | Product Name | API610 BB Double Suction Cental Pump | | Structure Type | Horizontal, Axially Split, Single or Two-Stage, Between Bearings Centrifugal Pump | | Range | 100 ~ 11000 m³/h| Head Range | Up to approx. 440 m | | Applicable Temperature |40 ~ 160°C| Design Pressure | 2.5 MPa ~ 5.0 MPa | | Applicable Industries | Petrochemicals, Industrial Water Supply, Power Stations, Seawater Desalination, Water Treatment, Pipeline Pressurization, etc. | | Typical Conditions | Crude oil transportation, circulating water, industrial water, cooling water, seawater, and large flow, low to medium head conveying conditions |

6.2. API610 BB2 Heavy Duty Petrochemical Process Pump Technical Parameters  
The BB2 pump is for refining units with high requirements for high temperature, high pressure, and continuous operation. This pump is a horizontal radially split, single, two, or three-stage,-bearings centrifugal. It adopts a volute, centerline support structure and is commonly used for-temperature bottom pumps, refinery process pumps, coal chemical lean amine pumps, rich amine pumps, etc.

| Parameter Item | Technical Indicator |
|---|---|
| Product Name | API610 BB2 Petrochemical Process Pump |
| Structure Type |, Radially Split,/Two/Three-Stage, Between Bearings Centrifugal Pump |
| Support Method |line Support Structure, Suitable for Highemperature Thermal Expansion Compensation |
| Flow Range | 50 ~ 4000 m³ |
| Head Range | Up to approx. 650 m |
| Applicable Temperature | -80 ~ 450°C |
| Design Pressure | 5.0 MPa ~ .0 MPa |
| Configuration | Can be configured with single, double, tandem seals and Plan flushing schemes per API682 |
| Applicable | High-temperature oil, crude oil, heavy oil, lean amine, rich amine, corrosive media, chemical circulation media,. |
| Typical Conditions High-temperature bottom pumps, refinery process pumps, coal chemical lean amine pumps, rich amine pumps, coking circulation pumps,. |

6.3.610 BB5 Double Case Barrel Multistage Pump Technical Parameters  
The BB5 pump is used for high-pressure, high-safety-level conditions, such asation, cracking, high-pressure circulation, oilfield water injection, high-pressure coke cutting water, coal chemical high-pressure ash water, etc. For positions requiring high pressure, high head, and continuous operation, we usually prioritize evaluating the BB5 structure.

| Parameter Item | Technical Indicator |
|---|---|
Product Name | API610 BB Double Case Barrel Multage Centrifugal Pump| Structure Type | Single or Double Case, Segmental, Horizontal Multistage Centrifugal Pump |
| Range | 5 ~ 730 m³/h |
Head Range | HCS: up to 2800 m; HDSZ: up to3400 m |
|able Temperature | HZ: -80 ~ 210°C; HZ: -80 ~450°C |
| Design Pressure | HCSZ: up to 30 MPa HDSZ: to 35 MPa |
| Seal Configuration | Can be configured with high-pressure mechanical seals and supporting flushing/cooling systems per682 |
| Applicable Media | High-pressure oil products, high-pressure water, coal chemical ash water,ation media, cracking media, etc. |
Typical Conditions | Hydrogenation feed pumps, unit pumps, high-pressure circulation pumps, oilfield water injection pumps, high-pressure coke cutting water pumps, coal chemical high-pressure ash water pumps |

6.4.610 OH2 Chemical Process Pump Technical ParametersThe API610 OH2 pump is a horizontal, radially split, single-stage, single-suction, centerline support overhung centrifugal pump. It is suitable for conveying high-temperature, high-pressure, and corrosive media in common process flows within petrochemical, coal chemical, and fine chemical industries.

| Parameter Item | Technical Indicator |
|---|---|
| Name | API610 OH2 Centerline Support Process Pump |
| Type | Horizontal, Radially Split, Single-Stage,-Suction, Overhung Centrifugal Pump |
| Support Method |line Support, Suitable for-Temperature Media Conveying |
| Flow Range | 2 ~ 2600 m/h |
| Head Range | Up to approx. 300 m |
| Applicable Temperature | -80 ~ 450°C| Design Pressure | 2.5 MPa ~  MPa |
| Seal Configuration | Can be configured mechanical seals and Plan flushing per API682 |
| Applicable Media | Petrochemical media, high-temperature media, low-temperature, corrosive media, some media containing particles, etc. |
| Typical Conditions | Refining process conveying, fine chemical media conveying, coal chemical units,rochemical unit auxiliary process pumps |

1. Which Conditions Should Prioritize the 450°C Ultra-High Temperature Magnetic Pump?

Based on our practical selection experience, the following conditions can prioritize the 450°C-high temperature magnetic drive pump:

1. High medium temperature, where the mechanical seal face prone to coking, vaporization, or.

2. The medium is toxic, harmful, or volatile, and significant shaft seal leakage is not allowed on site.

3. medium is valuable, and the user wishes to reduce losses from leakage.

4. The unit is in an explosion-proof area with high requirements for environmental protection, safety, continuous operation.

5. The flushing, cooling, auxiliary systems for traditional mechanical seal pumps too complex and have high maintenance costs.

6. Overseas projects in Russia Central Asia, etc., require EAC documentation, Russian drawings, Russian manuals, and spare parts lists.

However, if the has a high content of hard particles, is prone to significant crystallization, or if the pressure and head far exceed the economical application range of magnetic drive pumps, the magnetic drive pump should not be chosen blindly. For such conditions, re-evaluation can be done in conjunction with API610 BB2, BB5, wear-resistant pumps, vertical sump pumps, or other specialized pump types.

1. Our Selection Habit: First Judge the Working Condition, Then Determine the Pump Type

selecting high-temperature chemical pumps, we generally do not directly ask the customer "what model do you want?" Because many on-site failures are not due to the pump itself being unusable, but because the selection boundaries were not calculated clearly from the start.

| Items to Confirm | Purpose of Confirmation |
|---|---|
| Medium name, concentration, temperature, density, viscosity | Judge material, power, efficiency correction, and conveying difficulty |
| Vaporization pressure, to crystallize, presence of particles | Judge cavitation risk, lubrication risk, and clogging risk |
| Flow rate, head, inlet pressure, NPSH available | Determine pump type, impeller, speed, and installation conditions |
| Continuous operation time, spare pump configuration, start/stop frequency | Judge pump reliability configuration and maintenance cycle |
| Explosion-proof area, protection level, control interlock requirements | Determine motor, explosion-proof rating, instrumentation, and protection scheme |
| Material requirements, seal requirements, cooling method, and export certification requirements | Determine final configuration, documentation, and export delivery standards |

If the medium is high, high-hazard, and has high leak-free requirements, we prioritize evaluating the 450°C ultra-high temperature magnetic drive pump or the API685 magnetic drive pump. If it is a main process flow with high temperature and high pressure, we will simultaneously evaluate API610 BB2, BB5, and other process pump. Pumps selected this way will operate more stably in the later stage, and maintenance will be evidence-based.

1. Conclusion

The 450°C-high temperature magnetic drive is not a simple upgrade an ordinary magnetic drive pump