Jiangsu Haifa Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

In recent years, there has been a lot of research abroad on centrifugal pump erosion, solid particle wear, and sand-laden pumps. After reading through it, I had a very direct feeling: the impact of sand-containing and particle-containing media on centrifugal pumps is far more complex than many users imagine. Many sites write "contains a small amount of particles" in the data sheet, but fail to specify particle concentration, particle size, hardness, settling velocity, and whether crystallization occurs. As a result, the pump experiences impeller wear, casing erosion, and flow reduction within just a few months operation. When we select API610 chemical process pumps at Jiangsu Haifa, we are quite cautious with particle-containing media. Centrifugal pumps are not incapable of handling particle-containing media; the key is that the particle characteristics must match the pump structure. For example, sand-laden crude oil, coal chemical ash water, catalyst slurry, crystallization mother liquor, fiber-containing wastewater, and salt-containing media—while all can be described as "solid-containing media," their wear mechanisms on the pump are completely different. The areas inside a centrifugal pump most prone to erosion are typically concentrated at the impeller inlet edge, blade pressure side, impeller outlet, pump casing volute tongue region, wear ring clearance, and near the seal chamber. The harder the particles, the higher the flow velocity and the more the operating point deviates from the design point, the more the erosion becomes. Many pumps are not damaged by corrosion but are gradually "thinned" by high-speed particles. Jiangsu Haifa's API610-OH1/OH2 HES series chemical process pumps have a flow range of 2 to 2600 m³/h, a head of up to 300 m, an applicable temperature range of -80 to 450°C, and a design pressure of 2.5 to26 MPa. This series can handle clean, high-temperature, low-temperature, particle-containing, slurry, fiber-containing, wastewater, high-viscosity, neutral, or corrosive liquids depending on the medium. For general petrochemical processes and corrosive media with a small amount of particles, the OH2 structure offers convenient maintenance and good spare part interchangeability, making it suitable for conventional operating condition selection. If the operating conditions are more severe, such as high-temperature tower bottom pumps in refineries, crude oil transportation, coal chemicals, natural gas processing, and lean/rich liquid pumps in large synthetic ammonia units, we consider the BB2 heavy-duty petrochemical process pump. The API-BB2 HFDD series has a flow range of 50 to 4000 m³/h, a head of up to 650 m, an applicable temperature range of -80 to 450°C, and a design pressure of 5.0 to 15.0 MPa. The BB2 structure features double-suction, centerline support, making it suitable for more demanding conditions requiring longer continuous operation. For high-pressure particle-containing media, or when the unit requires high head and high reliability, the BB3 series offers greater advantages. The BB3 single-casing HSSC has a flow range 10 to 1500 m³/h, a head up to 3000 m, and a design pressure of 10 to 35 MPa; the double-casing HDSC has a flow range of 45 to 1440 m³/h, a head of up to 3200 m, and a maximum design pressure of 35 MPa. The BB3's impeller can be arranged in a back-to-back symmetrical configuration, eliminating complex balancing mechanisms, which is safer for certain particle-containing media. When selecting materials for sand-containing media, simply specifying "stainless steel" is not enough.less steel addresses corrosion issues but does not necessarily solve erosion problems. We select materials such as 304, 316L, duplex stainless steel, super duplex steel, Hastelloy, nickel alloys, high-chromium alloys, wear-resistant liners, surface hardening, or coating solutions based on the medium. For pumps with significant particle erosion, considerations must also include impeller channel width, wear ring material pairing, protection of vulnerable areas in the pump casing, mechanical seal flushing and filtration. Some users ask: Does sand-containing media necessarily require a slurry pump? My view is, not necessarily. For high-concentration mineral slurries or highly abrasive slurries, a slurry pump is certainly more suitable. However, for petrochemical process media containing a small amount of solid particles, while also having requirements for high temperature, high, flammability, explosiveness, and corrosiveness, API610 chemical process pumps still hold value. The key is that the material, structure, and seal scheme cannot be designed with the same mindset as for clean water pumps. selecting on-site, I recommend that users at least provide the following information: solid content, particle size, particle hardness, whether settling occurs, medium viscosity, corrosiveness, temperature, pressure, flow rate, head, operating time, and whether flushing is allowed. Only when these parameters are clear can we determine whether to choose an OH2, BB2, BB3, or a special wear-resistant structure. The quality of a pump for particle-containing media is not judged by how impressive the sample parameters look, but by whether the impeller still maintains efficiency, the pump casing still has margin, and the mechanical seal remains stable after six months or a year of operation When we design API610 chemical process pumps, our primary concern is not simply selling the pump, but ensuring it operates stably in the user's unit over the long term. 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